Method and user equipment for transmitting uplink signal according to spectrum emission mask

ABSTRACT

A method and user equipment for transmitting an uplink signal according to a spectrum emission mask (SEM) are discussed. The method performed by the user equipment includes if a radio frequency (RF) unit of the user equipment is configured to use inter-band carrier aggregation (CA), transmitting uplink signals on the carriers, wherein if a first SEM of a first carrier is overlapped in some frequency region with a second SEM of a second carrier, one SEM allowing a higher power spectral density (PSD) is selected to be applied.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/039,285 filed on May 25, 2016 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,860,048 issued onJan. 2, 2018), which is the National Phase of PCT InternationalApplication No. PCT/KR2014/012044, filed on Dec. 9, 2014, which claimsthe benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application No.61/917,355, filed on Dec. 18, 2013, and U.S. Provisional Application No.61/925,242, filed on Jan. 9, 2014, all of which are hereby expresslyincorporated by reference into the present application.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The present invention related to mobile communications, for example, aterminal for LTE-A.

Discussion of the Related Art

2GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) LTE (Long Term Evolution) thatis an advancement of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) isbeing introduced with 3GPP release 8.

In 3GPP LTE, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) isused for downlink, and SC-FDMA (single carrier-frequency divisionmultiple access) is used for uplink. To understand OFDMA, OFDM should beknown. OFDM may attenuate inter-symbol interference with low complexityand is in use. OFDM converts data serially input into N parallel datapieces and carries the data pieces over N orthogonal sub-carriers. Thesub-carriers maintain orthogonality in view of frequency. Meanwhile,OFDMA refers to a multiple access scheme that realizes multiple accessby independently providing each user with some of sub-carriers availablein the system that adopts OFDM as its modulation scheme.

FIG. 1 illustrates a 3GPP LTE wireless communication system.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the wireless communication system includesat least one base station (BS) 20. Each base station 20 offers acommunication service in a specific geographical area (generally denotedcell) 20 a, 20 b, and 20 c.

At this time, communication from the base station to a terminal isdenoted downlink (DL), and communication from the terminal to the basestation is denoted uplink (UL).

In case that base stations of several service earners are existed ineach geographic areas 20 a, 20 b and 20 c, interferences may occurbetween the base stations.

In order to eliminate this interference, respective service carriers mayprovide services using different frequency bands.

However, when the frequency bands of the respective service carriers areadjacent to each other, an interference problem still remains.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, disclosures of the present specification aim to limitinterference which leaks to an adjacent band. More specifically, thedisclosures of the present specification aim to limit unwanted emissionwhich leaks to an adjacent band when using inter-band carrieraggregation.

To achieve the aforementioned aim, one disclosure of the presentspecification provides a method for transmitting an uplink signalaccording to a spectrum emission mask (SEM). The method may be performedby a user equipment (UE) and comprise: if a RF unit of the UE isconfigured to use inter-band carrier aggregation (CA), transmittinguplink signals on the carriers. Here, if a frequency region of a firstSEM of a first carrier is overlapped with a frequency region of a secondSEM of a second carrier, one SEM allowing a higher power spectraldensity (PSD) is selected thereby to be applied.

To achieve the aforementioned aim, one disclosure of the presentspecification provides user equipment for transmitting an uplink signalaccording to a spectrum emission mask (SEM). The user equipment maycomprise: a radio frequency (RF) unit configured to transmit uplinksignals on the carriers if the RF unit of the UE is configured to useinter-band carrier aggregation (CA). Here, if a frequency region of afirst SEM of a first carrier is overlapped with a frequency region of asecond SEM of a second carrier, one SEM allowing a higher power spectraldensity (PSD) is selected thereby to be applied.

If the frequency region of the first SEM of a first carrier is notoverlapped with the frequency region of the second SEM of a secondcarrier, both the first SEM and the second SEM may be applied.

If the first carrier corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 1and if the second carrier corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band5, then a maximum level of spurious emission is −50 dBm for protectingother UE using at least one of 3GPP standard based E-UTRA bands 1, 3, 5,7, 8, 22, 28, 31, 34, 38, 40, 42 and 43 in order to apply a UE-to-UEcoexistence requirement.

If the first carrier corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 1and if the second carrier corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band5, then a maximum level of spurious emission is −27 dBm for protectingother UE using a 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 26 in order to apply aUE-to-UE coexistence requirement.

According to a disclosure of the present specification, an adjacent bandcan be protected when using inter-band carrier aggregation (CA).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system.

FIG. 2 illustrates the architecture of a radio frame according tofrequency division duplex (FDD) in 3^(rd) generation partnership project(3GPP) long term evolution (LTE).

FIG. 3 illustrates an example resource grid for one uplink or downlinkslot in 3GPP LTE.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of comparison between a single carriersystem and a carrier aggregation system.

FIG. 5 is a concept view illustrating intra-band carrier aggregation(CA).

FIG. 6 is a concept view illustrating inter-band carrier aggregation.

FIG. 7 illustrates the concept of unwanted emission, FIG. 8 specificallyillustrates out-of-band emission of the unwanted emission shown in FIG.7, and FIG. 9 illustrates a relationship between the resource blockresource block (RB) and channel band (MHz) shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a method of restricting transmissionpower of a terminal.

FIG. 11a and FIG. 11b illustrate a radio frequency (RF) chain structureof a terminal for inter-band carrier aggregation.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of spurious emission (SE) according tointer-band carrier aggregation.

FIG. 13a to FIG. 13c are exemplary views illustrating adjacent channelleakage ratio (ACLR) in inter-band carrier aggregation.

FIG. 14a and FIG. 14b exemplify test methods for Case A, i.e., BandGap≥2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y).

FIG. 15a to FIG. 15c exemplify test methods for Case B, i.e.,2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y)≤Band Gap<2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y).

FIG. 16a to FIG. 16b exemplify test methods for Case C, i.e., BandGap<2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y).

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The technical terms used herein are used to merely describe specificembodiments and should not be construed as limiting the presentinvention. Further, the technical terms used herein should be, unlessdefined otherwise, interpreted as having meanings generally understoodby those skilled in the art but not too broadly or too narrowly.Further, the technical terms used herein, which are determined not toexactly represent the spirit of the invention, should be replaced by orunderstood by such technical terms as being able to be exactlyunderstood by those skilled in the art. Further, the general terms usedherein should be interpreted in the context as defined in thedictionary, but not in an excessively narrowed manner.

The expression of the singular number in the specification includes themeaning of the plural number unless the meaning of the singular numberis definitely different from that of the plural number in the context.In the following description, the term ‘include’ or ‘have’ may representthe existence of a feature, a number, a step, an operation, a component,a part or the combination thereof described in the specification, andmay not exclude the existence or addition of another feature, anothernumber, another step, another operation, another component, another partor the combination thereof.

The terms ‘first’ and ‘second’ arc used for the purpose of explanationabout various components, and the components are not limited to theterms ‘first’ and ‘second’. The terms ‘first’ and ‘second’ are only usedto distinguish one component front another component. For example, afirst component may be named as a second component without deviatingfrom the scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to asbeing “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it can bedirectly connected or coupled to the other element or layer orintervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when anelement is referred to as being “directly connected to” or “directlycoupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elementsor layers present.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will bedescribed in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In describing the present invention, for ease of understanding, the samereference numerals are used to denote the same components throughout thedrawings, and repetitive description on the same components will beomitted. Detailed description on well-known arts which are determined tomake the gist of the invention unclear will be omitted. The accompanyingdrawings are provided to merely make the spirit of the invention readilyunderstood, but not should be intended to be limiting of the invention.It should be understood that the spirit of the invention may be expandedto its modifications, replacements or equivalents in addition to what isshown in the drawings.

As used herein, ‘wireless device’ may be stationary or mobile, and maybe denoted by other terms such as terminal, MT (mobile terminal), UE(user equipment), ME (mobile equipment), MS (mobile station), UT (userterminal), SS (subscriber station), handheld device, or AT (accessterminal).

As used herein, ‘base station’ generally refers to a fixed station thatcommunicates with a wireless device and may be denoted by other termssuch as eNB (evolved-NodeB), BTS (base transceiver system), or accesspoint.

Hereinafter, applications of the present invention based on 3GPP (3rdgeneration partnership project) LTE (long term evolution) or 3GPP LTE-A(advanced) are described. However, this is merely an example, and thepresent invention may apply to various wireless communication systems.Hereinafter, LTE includes LTE and/or LTE-A.

Meanwhile, the LTE system is described in further detail.

FIG. 2 illustrates the architecture of a radio frame according to FDD in3GPP LTE.

Referring to FIG. 2, the radio frame consists of 10 sub-frames, and eachsub-frame includes two slots. The slots in the radio frame are numberedwith slot numbers 0 to 19. The time taken for one sub-frame to betransmitted is denoted TTI (transmission time interval). The TTI may bea scheduling unit for data transmission. For example, the length of oneradio frame is 10 ms, the length of one sub-frame is 1 ms, and thelength of one slot may be 0.5 ms.

The architecture of radio frame is merely an example, and the number ofsub-frames in the radio frame or the number of slots in each sub-framemay be changed variously.

In TDD, a DL (downlink) sub-frame and a UL (Uplink) co-exist in oneradio frame. Table 1 shows an example of configuration of a radio frame.

TABLE 1 UL-DL Configu- Switch-point Subframe index ration periodicity 01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 5 ms D S U U U D S U U U 1 5 ms D S U U D D S U U D2 5 ms D S U D D D S U D D 3 10 ms  D S U U U D D D D D 4 10 ms  D S U UD D D D D D 5 10 ms  D S U D D D D D D D 6 5 ms D S U U U D S U U D

Here, ‘D’ denotes a DL sub-frame, ‘U’ a UL sub-frame, and ‘S’ a specialsub-frame. When receiving a UL-DL configuration from the base station,the terminal may be aware of whether a sub-frame is a DL sub-frame or aUL sub-frame according to the configuration of the radio frame.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example resource grid for one uplink or downlinkslot in 3GPP LTE.

Referring to FIG. 3, the uplink slot includes a plurality of OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) symbols in the time domainand NRB resource blocks (RBs) in the frequency domain. For example, inthe LTE system, the number of resource blocks (RBs), i.e., N_(RB), maybe one from 6 to 110.

Here, by way of example, one resource block includes 7×12 resourceelements that consist of seven OFDM symbols in the time domain and 12sub-carriers in the frequency domain. However, the number ofsub-carriers in the resource block and the number of OFDM symbols arenot limited thereto. The number of OFDM symbols in the resource block orthe number of sub-carriers may be changed variously. In other words, thenumber of OFDM symbols may be varied depending on the above-describedlength of CP. In particular, 3GPP LTE defines one slot as having sevenOFDM symbols in the case of CP and six OFDM symbols in the case ofextended CP.

OFDM symbol is to represent one symbol period, and depending on system,may also be denoted SC-FDMA symbol, OFDM symbol, or symbol period. Theresource block is a unit of resource allocation and includes a pluralityof sub-carriers in the frequency domain. The number of resource blocksincluded in the uplink slot, i.e., NUL, is dependent upon an uplinktransmission bandwidth set in a cell. Each element on the resource gridis denoted resource element.

Meanwhile, the number of sub-carriers in one OFDM symbol may be one of128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, and 2048.

In 3GPP LTE, the resource grid for one uplink slot shown in FIG. 3 mayalso apply to the resource grid for the downlink slot.

The physical channels in 3GPP LTE may be classified into data channelssuch as PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) and PUSCH (physicaluplink shared channel) and control channels such as PDCCH (physicaldownlink control channel), PCFICH (physical control format indicatorchannel), PHICH (physical hybrid-ARQ indicator channel) and PUCCH(physical uplink control channel).

A carrier aggregation system is now described.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of comparison between a single carriersystem and a carrier aggregation system.

Referring to FIG. 4 there may be various carrier bandwidths, and onecarrier is assigned to the terminal. On the contrary, in the carrieraggregation (CA) system, a plurality of component carriers (DL CC A toC, UL CC A to C) may be assigned to the terminal. Component carrier (CC)means the carrier used in then carrier aggregation system and may bebriefly referred as carrier. For example, three 20 MHz componentcarriers may be assigned so as to allocate a 60 MHz bandwidth to theterminal.

Carrier aggregation systems may be classified into a contiguous carrieraggregation system in which aggregated carriers are contiguous and anon-contiguous carrier aggregation system in which aggregated carriersare spaced apart from each other. Hereinafter, when simply referring toa carrier aggregation system, it should be understood as including boththe case where the component carrier is contiguous and the case wherethe control channel is non-contiguous.

When one or more component carriers are aggregated, the componentcarriers may use the bandwidth adopted in the existing system forbackward compatibility with the existing system. For example, the 3GPPLTE system supports bandwidths of 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz,and 20 MHz, and the 3GPP LTE-A system may configure a. broad band of 20MHz or more only using the bandwidths of the 3GPP LTE system. Or, ratherthan using the bandwidths of the existing system, new bandwidths may bedefined to configure a wide band.

A frequency band of a wireless communication system is divided into aplurality of carrier frequencies. Herein, the carrier frequency impliesa center frequency of a cell. Accordingly, carrier aggregation (CA) maybe regarded as aggregation of a plurality of cells. Therefore, accordingto the CA, a cell may be divided into a primary cell, a secondary cell,and a serving cell. The primary cell implies a cell which operates at aprimary frequency, and the secondary cell implies a cell which operatesat a secondary frequency. The serving cell implies only the primary cellwhen the carrier aggregation is not configured or when the UE cannotprovide the Carrier aggregation. However, if the carrier aggregation isconfigured, the term ‘serving cell’ implies a plurality of cellsconfigured to the UE.

Meanwhile, the carrier aggregation (CA) technologies, as describedabove, may be generally separated into an inter-band CA technology andan intra-band CA technology. The inter-band CA is a method thataggregates and uses CCs that are present in different bands from eachother, and the intra-band CA is a method that aggregates and uses CCs inthe same frequency band. Further, CA technologies are more specificallysplit into intra-band contiguous CA, intra-band non-contiguous CA, andinter-band non-contiguous CA.

FIG. 5 is a concept view illustrating intra-band carrier aggregation(CA).

FIG. 5(a) illustrates intra-band contiguous CA, and FIG. 5(b)illustrates intra-band non-contiguous CA.

LTE-advanced adds various schemes including uplink MIMO and carrieraggregation in order to realize high-speed wireless transmission. The CAthat is being discussed in LTE-advanced may be split into the intra-bandcontiguous CA shown in FIG. 5(a) and the intra-band non-contiguous CAshown in FIG. 5(b).

FIG. 6 is a concept view illustrating inter-band carrier aggregation.

FIG. 6(a) illustrates a combination of a lower hand and a higher bandfor inter-band CA, and FIG. 6(b) illustrates a combination of similarfrequency bands for inter-band CA.

In other words, the inter-band carrier aggregation may be separated intointer-band CA between carriers of a low band and a high band havingdifferent RF characteristics of inter-band CA as shown in FIG. 6(a) andinter-band CA of similar frequencies that may use a common RF terminalper component carrier due to similar RF (radio frequency)characteristics as shown in FIG. 6(b).

TABLE 2 Oper- Uplink (UL) Downlink (DL) ating operating band operatingband Duplex Band F_(UL)_low-F_(UL)_high F_(DL)_low-F_(DL)_high Mode 11920 MHz-1980 MHz 2110 MHz-2170 MHz FDD 2 1850 MHz-1910 MHz 1930MHz-1990 MHz FDD 3 1710 MHz-1785 MHz 1805 MHz-1880 MHz FDD 4 1710MHz-1755 MHz 2110 MHz-2155 MHz FDD 5 824 MHz-849 MHz 869 MHz-894 MHz FDD6 830 MHz-840 MHz 875 MHz-885 MHz FDD 7 2500 MHz-2570 MHz 2620 MHz-2690MHz FDD 8 880 MHz-915 MHz 925 MHz-960 MHz FDD 9 1749.9 MHz-1784.9 MHz1844.9 MHz-1879.9 MHz FDD 10 1710 MHz-1770 MHz 2110 MHz-2170 MHz FDD 111427.9 MHz-1447.9 MHz 1475.9 MHz-1495.9 MHz FDD 12 699 MHz-716 MHz 729MHz-746 MHz FDD 13 777 MHz-787 MHz 746 MHz-756 MHz FDD 14 788 MHz-798MHz 758 MHz-768 MHz FDD 15 Reserved Reserved FDD 16 Reserved ReservedFDD 17 704 MHz-716 MHz 734 MHz-746 MHz FDD 18 815 MHz-830 MHz 860MHz-875 MHz FDD 19 830 MHz-845 MHz 875 MHz-890 MHz FDD 20 832 MHz-862MHz 791 MHz-821 MHz FDD 21 1447.9 MHz-1462.9 MHz 1495.9 MHz-1510.9 MHzFDD 22 3410 MHz-3490 MHz 3510 MHz-3590 MHz FDD 23 2000 MHz-2020 MHz 2180MHz-2200 MHz FDD 24 1626.5 MHz-1660.5 MHz 1525 MHz-1559 MHz FDD 25 1850MHz-1915 MHz 1930 MHz-1995 MHz FDD 26 814 MHz-849 MHz 859 MHz-894 MHzFDD 27 807 MHz-824 MHz 852 MHz-869 MHz FDD 28 703 MHz-748 MHz 758MHz-803 MHz FDD 29 N/A N/A 717 MHz-728 MHz FDD 30 2305 MHz-2315 MHz 2350MHz-2360 MHz FDD 31 452.5 MHz-457.5 MHz 462.5 MHz-467.5 MHz FDD 32 N/AN/A 1452 MHz-1496 MHz FDD . . . 33 1900 MHz-1920 MHz 1900 MHz-1920 MHzTDD 34 2010 MHz-2025 MHz 2010 MHz-2025 MHz TDD 35 1850 MHz-1910 MHz 1850MHz-1910 MHz TDD 36 1930 MHz-1990 MHz 1930 MHz-1990 MHz TDD 37 1910MHz-1930 MHz 1910 MHz-1930 MHz TDD 38 2570 MHz-2620 MHz 2570 MHz-2620MHz TDD 39 1880 MHz-1920 MHz 1880 MHz-1920 MHz TDD 40 2300 MHz-2400 MHz2300 MHz-2400 MHz TDD 41 2496 MHz 2690 MHz 2496 MHz 2690 MHz TDD 42 3400MHz-3600 MHz 3400 MHz-3600 MHz TDD 43 3600 MHz-3800 MHz 3600 MHz-3800MHz TDD 44 703 MHz-803 MHz 703 MHz-803 MHz TDD

Meanwhile, the 3GPP LTE/LTE-A systems define operating bands for uplinkand downlink as shown in Table 2 above. Four CA cases shown in FIG. 11come from Table 2.

Here, F_(UL) _(_) _(low) means the lowest frequency in the uplinkoperating bands. F_(UL) _(_) _(high) means the highest frequency in theuplink operating bands. Further, F_(DL) _(_) _(low) means the lowestfrequency in the downlink operating bands, and F_(DL) _(_) _(high) meansthe highest frequency in the downlink operating bands.

When the operating bands are defined as shown in Table 2, each nation'sfrequency distributing organization may assign specific frequencies toservice providers in compliance with the nation's circumstances.

Meanwhile, intra-band contiguous CA bandwidth classes and theircorresponding guard bands are as shown in the following table.

TABLE 3 Aggregated CA Transmission Maximum Bandwidth Bandwidth number ofNominal Guard Class Configuration CCs Band BWGB A N_(RB,agg) ≤ 100 1a1BW_(Channel(1)) − 0.5Δfl (NOTE 2) B N_(RB,agg) ≤ 100 2 0.05max(BW_(Channel(1),) BW_(Channel(2))) − 0.5Δfl C 100 < N_(RB,agg) ≤ 2002 0.05 max(BW_(Channel(1)), BW_(Channel(2))) − 0.5Δfl D 200 < N_(RB,agg)≤ [300] FFS 0.05 max(BW_(Channel(1)), BW_(Channel(2))) − 0.5Δfl E [300]< N_(RB,agg) ≤ [400] FFS FFS F [400] < N_(RB,agg) ≤ [500] FFS FFS NOTE1: BW_(Channel(j),j) = 1, 2, 3 is the channel bandwidth of the E-UTRAcomponent carriers defined in TS36.101 table 5.6-1, Δfl representssubcarrier spacing of Δf when downlink, and Δfl = 0 in downlink. (NOTE2): In case that the channel frequency bandwidth is 1.4 MHz, a1 =0.16/1.4, and in the remainder frequency band, a1 = 0.05.

In the above table, the brackets [ ] represent that the valuetherebetween is not completely determined and may be varied. FFS standsfor ‘For Further Study.’ N_(RB) _(_) _(agg) is the number of RBsaggregated in an aggregation channel band.

Table 4 below shows bandwidth sets respective corresponding tointra-band contiguous CA configurations.

TABLE 4 E-UTRA CA configuration/Bandwidth combination set ChannelChannel Channel frequency frequency frequency Band- E-UTRA bandwidthbandwidth bandwidth Maximum width CA permitted permitted permittedaggregated Combi- config- by each by each by each bandwidth nationuration carrier carrier carrier [MHz] Set CA_1C 15 15 40 0 20 20 CA_3C5, 10, 15 20 40 0 20 5, 10, 15, 20 CA_7C 15 15 40 0 20 20 10 20 40 1 1515, 20 20 10, 15, 20 CA_23B 10 10 20 0  5 15 CA_27B 1.4, 3, 5  5 13 01.4, 3   10 CA_38C 15 15 40 0 20 20 CA_39C 5, 10, 15 20 35 0 20  5, 10,15 CA_40C 10 20 40 0 15 15 20 10, 20 CA_41C 10 20 40 0 15 15, 20 20 10,15, 20  5, 10 20 40 1 15 15, 20 20 5, 10, 15, 20 CA_40D 10, 20 20 20 600 20 10 20 20 20 10 CA_41D 10 20 15 60 0 10 15, 20 20 15 20 10, 15 1510, 15, 20 20 20 15, 20 10 20 10, 15, 20 15, 20 CA_42C 5, 10, 15, 20 5,10, 15, 40 0 20 20 20  5, 10, 15 20

In the above table, CA configuration represents an operating bandwidthand CA bandwidth class. For example, CA_IC means operating band 2 inTable 2 and CA band class C in Table 3. All of the CA operating classesmay apply to bands that are not shown in the above table. In addition,class D is added in Rel-12 as represented in the above table, throughthis, maximum 3 carriers can be transmitted from the intra-bandcontinuous CA at the same time.

FIG. 7 illustrates the concept of unwanted emission. FIG. 8 specificallyillustrates out-of-band emission of the unwanted emission shown in FIG.7. FIG. 9 illustrates a relationship between the resource block RB andchannel band (MHz) shown in FIG. 7.

As can be seen from FIG. 7, a transmission modem sends a signal over achannel bandwidth assigned in an E-UTRA band.

Here, the channel bandwidth is defined as can be seen from FIG. 9. Thatis, a transmission bandwidth is set to be smaller than the channelbandwidth (BW_(Channel)). The transmission bandwidth is set by aplurality of resource blocks (RBs). The outer edges of the channel arethe highest and lowest frequencies that are separated by the channelbandwidth.

Meanwhile, as described above, the 3GPP LTE system supports channelbandwidths of 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, and 20 MHz. Therelationship between such channel bandwidths and the number of resourceblocks is as below.

TABLE 5 Channel bandwidth BW_(Channel) [MHz] 1.4 3 5 10 15 20Transmission 6 15 25 50 75 100 bandwidth settings NRB

Turning back to FIG. 7, unwanted emission arises in the band ofΔf_(OOB), and as shown, unwanted emission also occurs on the spuriousarea. Here, Δf_(OOB) means the magnitude in the out-of-band (OOB).Meanwhile, the out-of-band omission refers to the one that arises in aband close to an intended transmission band. The spurious emission meansthat unwanted waves spread up to a frequency band that is far away fromthe intended transmission band.

Meanwhile, 3GPP release 10 defines basic SE (spurious emission) thatshould not be exceeded according to a frequency range.

TABLE 6 Maximum Frequency band level Measurement band 9 kHz ≤ f < 150kHz −36 dBm 1 kHz 150 kHz ≤ f < 30 MHz −36 dBm 10 kHz 30 MHz ≤ f < 1000MHz −36 dBm 100 kHz 1 GHz ≤ f < 12.75 GHz −30 dBm 1 MHz

Meanwhile, when it is separated by a specific frequency distance from anouter edge of a given channel band, a basic spectrum emission mask (SEM)which is lower limit that should not be exceeded is summarized by thefollowing table.

TABLE 7 Spectrum Emission Limit for channel band (dBm) Δf_(OOB) 1.4 3.05 10 15 20 Measurement (MHz) MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz band ±0-1 −10 −13−15 −18 −20 −21 30 kHz    ±1-2.5 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 1 MHz ±2.5-2.8−25 −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 1 MHz ±2.8-5  −10 −10 −10 −10 −10 1 MHz ±5-6 −25−13 −13 −13 −13 1 MHz  ±6-10 −25 −13 −13 −13 1 MHz ±10-15 −25 −13 −13 1MHz ±15-20 −25 −13 1 MHz ±20-25 −25 1 MHz

Herein, Δf_(OOB) stands for ‘Frequency of Out Of Band emission’, anddenotes a frequency thereof when emitted to an out-of-band. Further, dBmis a unit indicating power (Watt), and 1 mW=0 dBm.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 8, when transmission is performed in anE-UTRA channel band 1301, leakage occurs to out-of-bands (see 1302,1303, and 1304 in the illustrated regions of f_(OOB)), that is, unwantedemission occurs.

An adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) is an average power ratio of anadjacent channel against average power of an allocated channel. Herein,if the adjacent channel 1302 is for UTRAN when a terminal performstransmission in the E-UTRAN channel 1301, the illustrated UTRA_(ACLR1)is an adjacent channel leakage ratio, that is, a leakage ratio withrespect to the adjacent channel 1302, i.e., a UTRAN channel. Further, asshown in FIG. 8, if the channel 1303 located next to the adjacentchannel 1302 is for UTRAN, the UTRA_(ACLR2) is an adjacent channelleakage ratio, that is, a leakage ratio with respect to the adjacentchannel 1303, i.e., a UTRA channel. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8,when the terminal performs transmission in the E-UTRA channel 1301, theE-UTRA_(ACLR) is an adjacent channel leakage ratio, that is, a leakageratio with respect to the adjacent channel 1304, i.e., an E-UTRAchannel.

A requirement of E-UTRA_(ACLR) is defined in the following table.

TABLE 8 Channel band/E-UTRA_(ACLR1)/Measurement band 1.4 MHz 3.0 MHz 5MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz E-UTRA_(ACLR1) 30 dB  30 dB   30 dB   30 dB  30 dB  30 dB   E-UTRA channel 1.08 MHz 2.7 MHz 4.5 MHz 9.0 MHz 13.5 MHz18 MHz measurement band adjacent channel's +1.4/−1.4 +3.0/−3.0 +5/−5+10/−10 +15/−15 +20/−20 central frequency offset [MHz]

A requirement of UTRA_(ACLR1/2) is defined in the following table.

TABLE 9 Channel bandwidth/UTRA_(ACLR1/2)/Measurement band 1.4 MHz 3.0MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz UTRA_(ACLR1) 33 dB 33 dB 33 dB 33 dB 33dB 33 dB adjacent 0.7 + 1.5 + +2.5 + +5 + +7.5 + +10 + channel'sBW_(UTRA/)2/−0.7 − BW_(UTRA/2)/−1.5 − BW_(UTRA/)2/−2.5 − BW_(UTRA)/2/−5− BW_(UTRA)/2/−7.5 − BW_(UTRA)/2/−10 − central BW_(UTRA/2) BW_(UTRA/2)BW_(UTRA/2) BW_(UTRA)/2 BW_(UTRA)/2 BW_(UTRA)/2 frequency offset [MHz]UTRA_(ACLR2) — — 36 dB 36 dB 36 dB 36 dB adjacent — — +2.5 + 3 * +5 +3 * +7.5 + 3 * +10 + 3 * channel's BW_(UTRA)/2/−2.5 − BW_(UTRA)/2/−5 −BW_(UTRA)/2/−7.5 − BW_(UTRA)/2/−10 − central 3 * BW_(UTRA)/2 3 *BW_(UTRA)/2 3 * BW_(UTRA)/2 3 * BW_(UTRA)/2 frequency offset [MHz]E-UTRA 1.08 MHz  2.7 MHz  4.5 MHz  9.0 MHz 13.5 MHz   18 MHz channelmeasurement band UTRA 5 MHz 3.84 MHz 3.84 MHz 3.84 MHz 3.84 MHz 3.84 MHz3.84 MHz channel measurement band (Note 1) UTRA 1.6 MHz 1.28 MHz 1.28MHz 1.28 MHz 1.28 MHz 1.28 MHz 1.28 MHz channel measurement band (Note2)

In the above table, BW_(UTRA) denotes a channel bandwidth for UTRA.

As described above, unwanted emission occurs in adjacent channels whentransmission is performed in an allocated channel band.

As described above, unwanted emission occurs in adjacent bands due towireless transmission. In this case, regarding interference caused byemission depending on transmission of a BS, an amount of interferencewhich enters an adjacent band due to a design of a high cost andlarge-sized RF filter or the like according to a characteristic of theBS may be decreased to be less than or equal to a permitted reference.On the other hand, in case of the terminal, it is difficult tocompletely prevent the interference from entering the adjacent band dueto a restriction of a terminal size, a cost restriction on a pre-duplexfilter RF element or the like.

Therefore, there is a need to restrict transmission power of theterminal.

Maximum power Pcmax that can be used in practice by the terminal in theLTE system can be simply expressed as follows.Pcmax=Min(Pemax,Pumax)  [Equation 1]

Herein, Pcmax denotes maximum power (actual maximum transmission power)that can be transmitted by the terminal in a corresponding cell, andPcmax denotes maximum power that can be used in a corresponding cellsignaled by the BS. Further, Pumax denotes power considering a maximumpower reduction (MPR), an additive-MPR (hereinafter, A-MPR), or the likefor maximum power P_(PowerClass) of the terminal itself.

The maximum power P_(PowerClass) of the UE itself is as shown in thefollowing table.

TABLE 10 Power Power class class Operating band 1 (dBm) 3 (dBm) 1, 2, 3,4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 23 dBm 18, 19, 20, 21, 22,23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42,43, 44 14 31 dBm

Meanwhile, in case of intra band-contiguous CA, the maximum powerP_(PowerClass) of the terminal itself is as shown in the followingtable.

TABLE 11 Operating Band Power class 3 (dBm) CA_1C 23 dBm CA_3C 23 dBmCA_7C 23 dBm CA_38C 23 dBm CA_39C 23 dBm CA_40C 23 dBm CA_41C 23 dBmCA_42C 23 dBm

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a method of restricting transmissionpower of a terminal.

As can be seen from FIG. 10(a), a terminal 100 performs transmission byrestricting transmission power.

Regarding a maximum power reduction (MPR) value for restricting thetransmission power, when a peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is great,linearity of a power amplifier (PA) for this is decreased. In order tomaintain the linearity, an MPR value of up to 2 dB may be appliedaccording to a modulation scheme.

MPR Based on 3GPP Release 11

Meanwhile, according to 3GPP release 11, a terminal can simultaneouslytransmit a PUSCH and a PUCCH since multi-clustered transmission isadopted in a single component carrier (CC). As such, when the PUSCH andthe PUCCH are transmitted simultaneously, a magnitude of an IM3component generated in an out-of-band region (this means a distortionsignal generated due to inter-modulation) may be more increased than theconventional case, which may act as greater interference in an adjacentband. Therefore, the terminal may set an MPR value to satisfy generalspurious emission (SE), adjacent channel leakage ration (ACLR), andgeneral spectrum emission mask (SEM) as emission requirements for theterminal and to be transmitted in an uplink.

A-MPR

As can be seen from FIG. 10(b), a BS may apply additional maximum powerreduction (A-MPR) by transmitting a network signal (NS) to a terminal100. The A-MPR is used not to have an effect such as interference or thelike on an adjacent band unlike in the aforementioned MPR in such amanner that the BS transmits the NS to the terminal 100 operating in aspecific band and the terminal 100 additionally performs powerreduction. That is, when the terminal to which the MPR is appliedreceives the NS, transmission power is determined by additionallyapplying the A-MPR.

The following table shows a value of A-MPR based on a network signal.

TABLE 12 Network Channel Resources signalling bandwidth Blocks A-MPRvalue (MHz) (NRB) (dB) NS_01 1.4, 3, 5, 10, reserved 15, 20 NS_03  3 >5≤1  5 >6 ≤1 10 >6 ≤1 15 >8 ≤1 20 >10 ≤1 NS_04  5 >6 ≤1 NS_05 10, 15, 20≥50 ≤1 NS_06 1.4, 3, 5, 10 — reserved NS_07 10 shown in Table 9 NS_0810, 15 >44 ≤3 NS_09 10, 15 >40 ≤1 >55 ≤2 NS_18  5 ≥2 ≤1 10, 15, 20 ≥1 ≤4

The following table shows an A-MPR value when a network signal is NS_07.

TABLE 13 Parameter Region A Region B Region C RB_(start) 0-12 13-1819-42 43-49 L_(CRB) [RBs] 6-8 1-5, 9-50 ≥8 ≥18 ≤2 A-MPR [dB] ≤8 ≤12 ≤12≤6 ≤3

In the above table, RB_(start) denotes a lowest RB index of transmissionRB. Further, L_(CRB) denotes a length of consecutive RB allocation.

For example, if NS_07 is received as a network signal by a terminalwhich receives a service by using a 10 MHz channel bandwidth in a band13, the terminal performs transmission by determining transmission poweraccording to the above table. That is, when the terminal decodes areceived uplink grant, if an RB start position instructs to continuouslysend 5 RBs in a 10^(th) RB, the terminal may perform transmission byapplying up to 12 dB to the A-MPR value.

A-MPR Based on CA

On the other hand, an uplink channel bandwidth may be increased to up to40 MHz (20 MHz+20 MHz) when CA is considered. Therefor, if a BStransmits a network signal to a terminal in order to protect a specifichand in a CA environment, an adjacent band can be protected byperforming additional power reduction on the terminal operating in thespecific band.

Disclosure of the Present Specification

FIG. 11a and FIG. 11b illustrate an RF chain structure of a terminal forinter-band carrier aggregation.

Referring to FIG. 11a , an antenna is connected to a diplexer. In caseof transmission, the diplexer is connected to the antenna by combining alow band and a high band. In case of reception, the diplexer separatesthe low band and the high band from a signal received from the antennaand thereafter outputs them respectively to a first switch and a secondswitch. The first switch selectively connects a first duplexer for afirst low hand L1 and a second duplexer for a second low band L2 to thediplexer. Likewise, the second switch selectively connects a thirdduplexer for a first high band H1 and a fourth duplexer for a secondhigh band H2 to the diplexer. Each duplexer separates transmission andreception.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 11b , the antenna is connected to theswitch. The switch is connected to one or more duplexers (e.g., thefirst duplexer and the second duplexer) and is connected to thediplexer. The diplexer is connected to the third duplexer and the fourthduplexer. For example, the third duplexer may separate transmission andreception of, for example, the first low band L1, and may separatetransmission and reception of, for example, the first high band H1. Thefirst duplexer may separate transmission and reception of, for example,a first mid band, and the second duplexer may separate transmission andreception of, for example, a second mid band.

Meanwhile, out-of-band emission caused by inter-band carrier aggregationwill be described hereinafter. The out-of-band emission implies unwantedemission which leaks to outside a channel bandwidth due to non-linearityand a modulation process in a transmitter. Herein, the out-of-bandemission refers to unwanted emission other than spurious emission (SE).An effort of an adjacent terminal or BS for decreasing an effect causedby such emission by effectively suppressing the out-of-band emission maybe defined from a perspective of spectrum emission mask (SEM) andadjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the terminal.

Accordingly, a requirement for the SE, the SEM, the ACLR, etc., will bedescribed hereinafter according to an inter-band carrier aggregationsituation.

I. Requirement for Spurious Emission (SE)

FIG. 12 illustrates an example of SE according to inter-band carrieraggregation.

As can be seen from FIG. 12, in the inter-band carrier aggregation, aspurious emission region based on transmission of a terminal on twohands may not include an out-of-band (OOB) emission frequency range anda channel frequency range in an individual carrier. Therefore, theexisting requirement for the spurious emission (SE) may be applied tothe individual carrier. That is, the requirement of the basic SE ofTable 6 may also be applied to the inter-band carrier aggregation.

Meanwhile, a combination of bands used for inter-band carrieraggregation (CA) is shown in the following table.

TABLE 14 Band combination Frequency Band gap A1 B1 + 5   2.1 G + 800M1071 MHz B1 + B19 2.1 G + 800M 1075 MHz B3 + 20   1.8 G + 800M 848 MHzA2 B3 + 8   1.8 G + 900M 795 MHz B4 + 12   2.1 G + 700M 994 MHz B4 +17   2.1 G + 700M 994 MHz A3 B1 + 7   2.1 G + 2.6 G 520 MHz B3 + B7  1.7G + 2.6 G 715 MHz B4 + B7  1.7 G + 2.6 G 745 MHz B5 + B12 2 ULs 108 MHz(824~849M) + (698~716M) B5 + B17 2 ULs 108 MHz (824~849M) + (704~716M)A4 B3 + 5   1.8 G + 800M 861 MHz B2 + B4  1.9 G + 2.1 G 95 MHz B7 + B202.6 G + 800M 1638 MHz B3 + B26 1.8 G + 800M 861 MHz A5 B1 + B21 2.1 G +1.4 G 457 MHz B19 + B21  800M + 1.4 G 603 MHz

In Table 4 above, the class implies the CA bandwidth class of Table 3.In addition, in the above table, a band combination implies the band ofTable 2.

As can be seen from Table 14 above, a minimum band gap between twocarriers is 95 MHz of a combination of B2 and B4. Eventually, allcombinations shown in the above table correspond to a case where a bandgap between two carrier bands is related as: BandGap>Δf_(OOB,X)+Δf_(OOB,Y). Herein, Δf_(OOB,X) and Δf_(OOB,Y) are afrequency range shown in FIG. 12, and Δf_(OOB,X) and Δf_(OOB,Y) indicatea frequency range to which a spectrum emission mask (SEM) is applied.

Meanwhile, if bands B1 and B5 are subjected to carrier aggregation, anSE requirement for the coexisting between UEs may be proposed asfollows.

TABLE 15 Spurious emission (SE) Frequency Maximum E-UTRA CA range levelMBW configuration Guard band (MHz) (dBm) (MHz) CA_1A-5A E-UTRA band 1,5, F_(DL)_low- −50 1 7, 8, 11, 18, 19, 21, F_(DL)_high 22, 28, 31, 38,40, 41, 42, 43, 44 E-UTRA band 3, 34 F_(DL)_low- −50 1 F_(DL)_highE-UTRA band 26 F_(DL)_low- −27 1 F_(DL)_high E-UTRA band 41 F_(DL)_low-−50 1 F_(DL)_high frequency range 1880-1895 −40 1 frequency range1895-1915 −15.5 5 frequency range 1900-1915 −15.5 5 frequency range1915-1920 +1.6 5 frequency range 1884.5-1915.7 −41 0.3 frequency range1839.9-1879.9 −50 1

Referring to Table 15 above, when a specific UE performs uplinktransmission on a band 1 and a band 5 through carrier aggregation, ifthere is another UE operating in a guard band listed in Table 15,spurious emission caused by transmission of the specific UE is notallowed to exceed a maximum level listed in Table 15 for co-existencewith other UEs.

II. Spectrum Emission Mask (SEM)

In case of all combinations shown in Table 14 above, a band gap betweentwo carrier bands is related as: Band Gap>Δf_(OOB,X)+Δf_(OOB,Y).Therefore, an embodiment of the present specification proposes to applythe existing requirement for the SEM to an individual carrier. That is,the embodiment of the present specification proposes to apply arequirement for a basic SEM as shown in Table 7 even in case ofinter-band carrier aggregation.

Meanwhile, a different band combination other than the band combinationshown in Table 14 above may be used in the future. In this case, if theband gap between the two carrier bands is related as: BandGap<Δf_(OOB,X)+Δf_(OOB,Y), there is a problem in that the existingrequirement for the SEM cannot be applied.

In order to solve this problem, another embodiment of the presentspecification provides the following proposal. First, if the band gapbetween the two carrier bands is related as: BandGap<Δf_(OOB,X)+Δf_(OOB,Y), the another embodiment of the presentspecification proposes to use an SEM requirement which allows a muchhigher power spectrum density (PSD) level together with intra-bandnon-contiguous carrier aggregation (CA).

The above two proposals are summarized as follows.

Proposal 1: If the band gap between the two carrier bands is related as:Band Gap>Δf_(OOB,X)+Δf_(OOB,Y), the existing requirement for SEM isapplied.

Proposal 2: If the band gap between the two carrier bands is related as:Band Gap<Δf_(OOB,X)+Δf_(OOB,Y), a higher PSD level in two carriers isused in an overlapping region.

III. Adjacent Channel Leakage Ration (ACLR)

On the other hand, hereinafter, an ACLR requirement in inter-bandcarrier aggregation is described.

FIG. 13a to FIG. 13c are exemplary views illustrating ACLR in inter-bandcarrier aggregation.

Referring first to FIG. 13a , it is shown that a band gap betweencarrier bands is related as: Band Gap>CBW_X+CBW_Y in a situation where aband X and a band Y are subjected to carrier aggregation. The CBW_Xdenotes a channel bandwidth of the band X shown in the left side, andthe CBW_Y denotes a channel bandwidth of the band Y shown in the rightside. As such, if Band Gap>CBW_X+CBW_Y, since UTRA_(ACLR1) andUTRA_(ACLR2) shown in the right side of the band X and UTRA_(ACLR1) andUTRA_(ACLR2) shown in the left side of the band Y are located within theband gap, there is no problem. Likewise, if Band Gap>CBW_X+CBW_Y, sinceE-UTRA_(ACLR) shown in the right side of the band X and E-UTRA_(ACLR)shown in the left side of the band Y are located within the band gap,there is no problem.

Therefore, if a band gap between two bands is greater than a sum ofchannel bandwidths in inter-band carrier aggregation as described above,another embodiment of the present specification proposes to use theexisting ACLR definition in the same manner as the conventional way. Inother words, in the inter-band carrier aggregation, E-UTRA_(ACLR) isshown as a ratio of average power on an adjacent channel against averagepower on an allocated channel bandwidth of a component carrier (CC).Accordingly, if the band gap between the two bands is greater than thesum of the channel bandwidths in the inter-band carrier aggregation, theanother embodiment of the present specification proposes to directlyapply the existing ACLR requirement. That is, it is proposed thatE-UTRA_(ACLR) is defined for each CC, and Table 8 showing the existingACLR requirement is directly applied to each CC.

Meanwhile, if CBW_X<Band Gap<+CBW_Y as can be seen from FIG. 13b , orBand Gap<Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y) (that is, if the band gap is less than abandwidth which is narrower between CBW_X and CBW_Y), since all ofUTRA_(ACLR1), UTRA_(ACLR2), and E-UTRA_(ACLR) are not included in theband gap, there may be a problem.

Therefore, if the band gap between the two bands is less than at leastone channel bandwidth in the inter-band carrier aggregation as describedabove, another embodiment of the present specification proposes toignore the existing ACLR requirement

The above two proposals are summarized as follows.

Proposal 3: If the band gap between the two carrier bands is related as:Band Gap>Sum of Channel Bandwidth, the existing requirement for ACLR isapplied.

Proposal 4: if the band gap between the two carrier bands is related as:Band Gap>Any One Channel Bandwidth, the existing requirement for ACLR isignored.

Alternatively, when the band gap is denoted by BW_(GAP), if 5MHz≤BW_(GAP), UTRA_(ACLR1) may be required within the band gap. Further,if 15 MHz≤BW_(GAP), UTRA_(ACLR1) and UTRA_(ACLR2) may be required withinthe band gap. Meanwhile, a power measurement band of an adjacent band ofE-UTRA_(ACLR) must be the same as an adjacent channel bandwidth. In thiscase, if the band gap is less than another channel bandwidth,E-UTRA_(ACLR) may not be set for the band gap as to the channelbandwidth. Further, if the band gap is less than any one of the twochannel bandwidths, E-UTRA_(ACLR) may not be set for the band gap as tothe channel bandwidth.

IV. Requirement of Transmit Inter-Modulation

Inter-modulation (IM) is also referred to as inter-modulation distortion(IMD), and implies that, if a carrier of a first band and a carrier of asecond band are simultaneously input to a non-linear amplifier, thecarriers are combined with each other to generate an unwanted signalcomponent. It is preferable to suppress the generation of the IMDcomponent, that is, the unwanted component.

However, there is no effective test method capable of confirming thatthe IM component or the IMD component is generated by inter-band carrieraggregation.

Therefore, a test method of allocating interference to an inside-gap anda test method of allocating interference to an outside-gap are proposedhereinafter as the effective test method.

First, in the test method of allocating the interference to theinside-gap, a positive interference signal is inserted to a low bandcarrier (e.g., CC1), and a negative interference signal is inserted to ahigh band signal (e.g., CC2). In this case, the negative interferencesignal is allocated to the right side of a band X, and the positiveinterference signal is allocated to the left side of a band Y.

Next, in the test method of allocating the interference to theoutside-gap, the negative interference signal is inserted to the leftside of the band X, and the positive interference signal is inserted tothe right side of the band Y.

In addition, the test method of allocating the interference to theinside-gap and the test method of allocating the interference to theoutside-gap may be performed on each of Case A, Case B, and Case Cdepending on a size of a band gap. Case A is for a situation of: BandGap)≥2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y), Case B is for a situation of: 2*Min(CBW_X,CBW_Y)≤Band Gap<2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y), and Case C is for a situation of: BandGap<2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y). This will be described hereinafter withreference to the drawings.

FIG. 14a and FIG. 14b exemplify test methods for Case A, i.e., BandGap≥2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y).

Referring first to FIG. 14a , a test for allocating interference to aninside-gap is shown in a situation of Case A, that is, BandGap≥2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y). The test is performed by inserting interferencesignals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) to the right side of the band X,and by inserting interference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) tothe left side of the band Y.

Next, referring to FIG. 14b , a test for allocating interference to anoutside-gap is shown in a situation of Case A, that is, BandGap≥2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y). The test is performed by inserting interferencesignals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) to the left side of the band X,and by inserting interference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) tothe right side of the band Y.

FIG. 15a to FIG. 15c exemplify test methods for Case B, i.e.,2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y)≤Band Gap<2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y).

Referring to FIG. 15a , a test for allocating interference to anoutside-gap is shown in a situation of: 2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y)≤BandGap<2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y). The test is performed by inserting interferencesignals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) to the left side of the band X,and by inserting interference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) tothe right side of the band Y. In this case, the test is not performedaround a portion in which a second IM component overlaps in aninside-gap.

Referring to FIG. 15b , a test for allocating interference to aninside-gap is shown in a situation of: 2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y)≤BandGap<2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y). The test is performed by inserting interferencesignals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) to the right side of the band X,and by inserting interference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) tothe left side of the band Y. In this case, the test is not performedaround a portion in which a first IM component and a second IM componentoverlap in the inside-gap. Likewise, the test is not performed around aportion in which the first IM component and the second IM componentoverlap in an outside-gap.

Referring to FIG. 15c , a test for allocating interference to aninside-gap is shown in a situation of: 2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y)≤BandGap<2*(CBW_X, CBW_Y). In this case, the test is not performed around aportion in which a first IM component and a second IM component overlapin the inside-gap. Likewise, the test is not performed around a portionin which the first IM component and the second IM component overlap inan outside-gap.

FIG. 16a and FIG. 16b exemplify test methods for Case C, i.e., BandGap<2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y).

Referring to FIG. 16a , a test for allocating interference to anoutside-gap is shown in a situation of: Band Gap<2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y).The test is performed by inserting interference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CWand 2^(nd) CW) to the left side of the band X, and by insertinginterference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) to the right sideof the band Y. In this case, the test is not performed around a portionin which a first IM component and a second IM component overlap in aninside-gap.

Referring to FIG. 16b , a test for allocating interference to aninside-gap is shown in a situation of: Band Gap<2*Min(CBW_X, CBW_Y). Thetest is performed by inserting interference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and2^(nd) CW) to the right side of the band X, and by insertinginterference signals (e.g., 1^(st) CW and 2^(nd) CW) to the left side ofthe band Y. In this case, the test is not performed around a portion inwhich a first IM component and a second IM component overlap in theinside-gap. Likewise, the test is not performed around a portion inwhich the first IM component and the second IM component overlap in anoutside-gap.

As described above, a test method may be proposed to analyze an IMcomponent in inter-band carrier aggregation.

This is summarized as follows.

Proposal 5: The test is performed in a distinctive manner according to asize of a band gap in inter-band carrier aggregation (i.e., carrieraggregation of a first band and carrier aggregation of a second band).In this case, a test for allocating interference to an inside-gap and atest for allocating interference to an outside-gap are performedsequentially.

Proposal 6: If Band Gap≥2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y), a test for allocatinginterference to an inside-gap and a test for allocating interference toan outside-gap are performed sequentially.

Proposal 7: If 2*min(CBW_X, CBW_Y)<Band Gap)<2*(CBW_X+CBW_Y), a test forallocating interference to an inside-gap and a test for allocatinginterference to an outside-gap are performed only for a portion which isnot affected by an IM component.

Proposal 8: If 2*min(CBW_X, CBW_Y)<Band Gap, a test for allocatinginterference to an outside-gap is performed only for a portion which isnot affected by an IM component.

The aforementioned embodiments of the present invention can beimplemented through various means. For example, the embodiments of thepresent invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, software,combination of them, etc. Details thereof will be described withreference to the drawing.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system accordingto an embodiment of the present invention.

A BS 200 includes a processor 201, a memory 202, and a radio frequency(RF) unit 203. The memory 202 is coupled to the processor 201, andstores a variety of information for driving the processor 201. The RFunit 203 is coupled to the processor 201, and transmits and/or receivesa radio signal. The processor 201 implements the proposed functions,procedures, and/or methods. In the aforementioned embodiment, anoperation of the BS may be implemented by the processor 201.

A wireless device 100 includes a processor 101, a memory 102, and an RFunit 103. The memory 102 is coupled to the processor 101, and stores avariety of information tor driving the processor 101. The RF unit 103 iscoupled to the processor 101, and transmits and/or receives a radiosignal. The processor 101 implements the proposed functions, procedures,and/or methods. In the aforementioned embodiment, an operation of thewireless device may be implemented by the processor 101.

The processor may include Application-specific Integrated Circuits(ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and/or data processors. Thememory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM),flash memory, memory cards, storage media and/or other storage devices.The RF unit may include a baseband circuit for processing a radiosignal. When the above-described embodiment is implemented in software,the above-described scheme may be implemented using a module (process orfunction) which performs the above function. The module may be stored inthe memory and executed by the processor. The memory may be disposed tothe processor internally or externally and connected to the processorusing a variety of well-known means.

In the above exemplary systems, although the methods have been describedon the basis of the flowcharts using a series of the steps or blocks,the present invention is not limited to the sequence of the steps, andsome of the steps may be performed at different sequences from theremaining steps or may be performed simultaneously with the remainingsteps. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that thesteps shown in the flowcharts are not exclusive and may include othersteps or one or more steps of the flowcharts may be deleted withoutaffecting the scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for applying a spectrum emission mask(SEM), the method performed by a user equipment (UE) configured to useinter-band carrier aggregation (CA) and comprising: applying at leastone SEM among a first SEM and a second SEM, wherein the at least one SEMis applied to allow a higher power spectral density (PSD) when the firstSEM is overlapped in some frequency region with the second SEM.
 2. Themethod of claim 1, wherein: when the first SEM is overlapped with thesecond SEM, the at least one SEM allowing the higher PSD is appliedamong the first SEM and the second SEM, and when the first SEM is notoverlapped with the second SEM, both the first SEM and the second SEMare applied.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein if a first carrierassociated with the first SEM corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRAband 1 and if a second carrier associated with the second SEMcorresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 5, then a maximum levelof spurious emission is −50 dBm for protecting another UE using at leastone of 3GPP standard based E-UTRA bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 22, 28, 31, 34,38, 40, 42 and 43 in order to apply a UE-to-UE coexistence requirement.4. The method of claim 1, wherein if a first carrier associated with thefirst SEM corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 1 and if asecond carrier associated with the second SEM corresponds to 3GPPstandard based E-UTRA band 5, then a maximum level of spurious emissionis −27 dBm for protecting another UE using a 3GPP standard based E-UTRAband26 in order to apply a UE-to-UE coexistence requirement.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising: selecting the higher PSDaccording to whether the first SEM is overlapped in the some frequencyregion with the second SEM.
 6. A user equipment (UE) for applying aspectrum emission mask (SEM), the UE configured to use inter-bandcarrier aggregation (CA) and comprising: a transceiver configured totransmit uplink signals on carriers, and a processor configured tocontrol the transceiver, wherein the processor applies at least one SEMamong a first SEM and a second SEM, wherein the at least one SEM isapplied to allow a higher power spectral density (PSD) when the firstSEM is overlapped in some frequency region with the second SEM.
 7. Theuser equipment of claim 6, wherein: when the first SEM is overlappedwith the second SEM, the at least one SEM allowing the higher PSD isapplied among the first SEM and the second SEM, and when the first SEMis not overlapped with the second SEM, both the first SEM and the secondSEM are applied.
 8. The user equipment of claim 6, wherein if a firstcarrier among the carriers corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRAband 1 and if a second carrier among the carriers corresponds to 3GPPstandard based E-UTRA band 5, then a maximum level of spurious emissionis −50 dBm for protecting another UE using at least one of 3GPP standardbased E-UTRA bands 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 22, 28, 31, 34, 38, 40, 42 and 43 inorder to apply a UE-to-UE coexistence requirement.
 9. The user equipmentof claim 6, wherein if a first carrier among the carriers corresponds to3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 1 and if a second carrier among thecarriers corresponds to 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band 5, then amaximum level of spurious emission is −27 dBm for protecting another UEusing a 3GPP standard based E-UTRA band26 in order to apply a UE-to-UEcoexistence requirement.
 10. The user equipment of claim 6, wherein theprocessor is further configured to select the higher PSD according towhether the first SEM is overlapped in the some frequency region withthe second SEM.